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Modern day 

slavery exists 

in America's finest city.

Human trafficking is the commercialization of labor and sex by stealing freedom for profit by way of manipulating, defrauding or physically forcing victims into inhumane and illegal conditions. "It is a multi-billion dollar criminal industry that denies freedom to 24.9 million people around the world." San Diego is not immune to the horrors of this underground industry and it happens around us on a regular basis - on the internet, on our streets, in our children's schools, in our neighbors homes, at our pristine beaches, and everywhere in between.

Source: National Human Trafficking Hotline

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Sex Trafficking is San Diego's 2nd Largest 

Underground Economy

Statistics

San Diego is arguably one of the most beautiful cities in the nation, if not the world. It’s an ideal location, a vacation destination with Mediterranean climates and eternal sunshine. However, lurking beyond the façade of pristine perfection is a dark underground system of trade and trafficking. The abduction and exploitation of human beings, mainly women, for the purpose of labor and sexual services is so prominent in our region, that human trafficking is considered “San Diego’s 2nd largest underground economy after drug trafficking” where “the underground sex economy represents an estimated $810 million in annual revenue”. The statistics are shocking and should elicit concern from citizens on both a national and local level. The FBI ranks San Diego as one of the top 13 highest sex trafficking areas in the country. According to the National Human Trafficking Hotline, California reported more human trafficking cases than any other state in 2019 – over 1,500 in the total of 11,500 for the nation. In San Diego County, according to a study conducted by the University of San Diego and Point Loma Nazarene on human trafficking, of the 1,200 individuals who were interviewed, 80% of the facilitators were affiliated with gangs and significant recruitment was found on high school and middle school campuses, as well as through the use of social media sites like Facebook and Twitter. Unfortunately, comprehensive data is hard to collect because of the hidden nature of trafficking activities, however there has been research that has linked a correlation between race, economic disparities and intersectional oppression fueled by the persistence of myths about minority teen sexuality to the proliferation of sex trafficking among mainly people of color. According to Rights4Girls, an advocacy organization working to protect marginalized girls, “black children account for 57% of all juvenile prostitution arrests. A UCLA Law Review Article also states, “While Black children are more likely to experience some form of sex trafficking, other children of color are similarly at a higher risk than their white counterparts. Native Americans in particular argue that a strong connection exists between colonization and a persistent targeting of native people for prostitution.” Experts fear that the issue of human trafficking is not given enough attention because the victims are more often than not women of color, and because of implicit biases that assume minorities to be criminals, the ability to recognize when girls have not given consent to prostitution is hindered. Further complicating a lack of attention on the subject is that in the cases of labor trafficking, 55.7% of victims are Hispanic, most of whom are undocumented, and therefore largely ignored. However, the majority of sex trafficking victims in the U.S. are U.S. citizens. Sex and labor traffickers take advantage of economically disadvantaged people, and the intersection of race, gender, class, and age make this a largely overlooked issue, even though it affects millions of people worldwide. Thousands of cases are either unreported or unnoticed, creating greater opportunity for perpetrators and proliferators of the crimes to continue.

Race intersects with other forms of subordination including gender, class, and age to push people of color disproportionately into prostitution and keep them trapped in the commercial sex industry.

The average age of entry into  child 
commercial sexual exploitation  is
16.

The average victim is trafficked   

 for about three years  before reaching the attention of law enforcement.

click here for data source

2019 National Data Report

Data Source

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Online Predators

One in Five kids online are sexually propositioned through gaming platforms and other social media 

COVID-19 has drastically increased the rates of cases because more people, especially young people, are distance learning and susceptible to online predators. The San Diego Human Trafficking Task Force reported that reports of internet crime against juveniles, which include sharing illicit photos of minors, have tripled since the pandemic started, where in April of 2019 the number of reports were 287 in the county and in April of 2020, that number increased to 850. On a national level, the numbers are horrifying. The Cyber Tipline at the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children received about one million reports of online child exploitation in April 2019, whereas in April 2020, that number increased to over four million. According to a year-long investigation into sex trafficking and child exploitation in San Diego County published in 2020 by local San Diego NBC news affiliate, “one in five kids online are sexually propositioned through gaming platforms and other social media. And those, non-contact-oriented forums of sexual exploitation are increasing.” COVID-19 has created economic hardships across the board, even for pimps and perpetrators who have moved their business online to take advantage of the millions of children who are home-schooling and often left unsupervised, using it as an opportunity to exploit them and lure them into sex trafficking rings. Further complicating the issue is the fact that many schools have closed, thereby reducing opportunities for trained authorities to recognize when a child has become a victim of exploitation. The FBI has issued warnings stating, “Due to school closings as a result of COVID-19, children will potentially have an increased online presence and/or be in a position that puts them at an inadvertent risk”. Experts note that during this especially vulnerable time, parents should be more involved in their children’s online activity since their presence is more prominent given the pandemic. Additionally, San Diego District Attorney Summer Stephan launched the San Diego Trafficking Prevention Collective, “… which created a curriculum to help children detect when someone is trying to exploit them online." According to the website, 90% of high schools researched across San Diego County reported cases of sex trafficking, and although the average age for entry into sex trafficking is 16, children as young as 8 years old have been victimized.

The expansion of the internet lies parallel to the explosion of the child sexual abuse material market

The Child Rescue Coalition has reported that “one in five girls and one in 20 boys experience some form of sexual abuse before their 18th birthday” The internet and digital technologies have exacerbated the circulation of child sexual abuse material, often known as “child pornography," which has developed into a worldwide issue. The business of child sexual abuse is perpetuated through virtually every internet technology including social media, file-sharing sites, photo-sharing sites, gaming devices, and mobile apps. The proliferation of sex offenders on the internet provides them with opportunities to stalk children, and trade tips on how to lure them into sexual encounters. The violent, criminal act of child sex abuse is fueled by anonymous, and on-demand availability of illicit graphic images and videos of child victims. The vast majority of the predators — a staggering 85 percent — have become hands-on abusers. The Child Rescue Coalition is working to end this egregious crime. They are a nonprofit organization that rescues children from sexual abuse by building technology for law enforcement, free of charge, to track, arrest and prosecute child predators. More than 10,000 law enforcement officers in all 50 U.S. states and over 96 countries use their technology to target and apprehend predators who are most likely to sexually abuse children. The technology has so far identified 71 million unique IP addresses worldwide which has led to the rescue of 2,900 children, 600,000+ cases of abuse prevented, and 12,609 predators arrested.

 

Actress Blake Lively speaks on behalf of the Child Rescue Coalition below (trigger warning for explicit content regarding child abuse).

2.5 million

The most shared child abuse file is currently being seen on over 2.5 million unique IP addresses.

50-150

Predators typically have between 50 and 150 victims over the course of their lifetimes.

7-13

Children are most vulnerable to child sexual abuse between the ages of 7 and 13.

90%

90% of children who suffered sexual abuse were violated by someone known to the family.

Data Source

Local and National

Resources

Resources

Human trafficking is a hidden crime where victims often do not recognize the signs or are too afraid to come forward. Although thousands of cases are reported, more likely go unnoticed, even though they are happening right in front of us.

 

To address the issue locally, San Diego has a Sex Trafficking Awareness Program, called Out of the Shadows and it “is a program designed to raise public awareness about the problem of sex trafficking in our city, bring to light the plight of sex trafficking victims and at-risk youth, and provide resources and support services for those in need in the San Diego area”.

Out of the Shadows

 

Additionally, high schools and local libraries have implemented programs in cooperation with law enforcement to educate employees, students and school administrators about the signs of sexual abuse and exploitation and spread awareness about resources for victims and families.

San Diego Trafficking Prevention Collective

 

Watch the seven-episode documentary series from an NBC 7 year-long investigation in San Diego with stories told from the perspective of survivors, advocates, traffickers, and sex buyers.

Stolen

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